Comparison of serum protein electrophoretic changes in canine parvovirus and coronavirus enteritis
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article
2013
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Canine parvovirus (CPV) and coronavirus (CCV) have been incriminated as the most common causes of infectious diarrhea in dogs younger than 6 months. In this study, serum protein electrophoretic patterns were carried out in 10 naturally infected dogs with canine parvoviral and coronaviral enteritis, each ones and compared them with 20 clinically healthy dogs using cellulose acetate electrophoresis. Definitive diagnosis of CPV and CCV infections was confirmed by rapid immunochromatographic assay kits. Compared to healthy dogs, significant decreases were determined in the serum concentration of total protein, albumin, total globulin, α1 globulin, β1 globulin, β2 globulin and γ globulin as well as significant increase in α2 globulin concentration in dogs with parvoviral enteritis (p<0.001). While in dogs with coronaviral enteritis the concentration of total globulin, β2 globulin and γ globulin was significantly lower and of β1 globulin was significantly greater than normal range (p<0.001). These results may be due to different pathogenesis of CPV and CCV. Unlike CPV infection, villius necrosis and hemorrhage are rare in CCV enteritis. Our results indicate that separation and identification of different canine serum protein fractions facilitates the understanding of the pathological changes associated with different conditions including parvoviral and coronaviral infections.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
1
no.
2013
5
10
https://www.ivj.ir/article_2853_9867d832d4a54a5ea496fbfb254dafb1.pdf
Seroprevalence of coxiellosis in Ahvaz sheep
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article
2013
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Q fever is a widespread zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii. In humans, Q fever can manifest as an acute or as a chronic disease. Coxiellosis in domestic animals is usually asymptomatic; however has also been found associated with abortions and stillbirths in sheep and goats. Domestic ruminants are the primary and important reservoirs of Coxiella burnetii, which is exerted in the milk, urine, feces and vaginal mucous of infected animals. Inhalation of bacteria present in the environment is the main route of animal and human infection. The aim of this study is to survey prevalence of Coxiella burnetii and correlation of this organism with host determinants in sheep. Serum samples from 220 ewes were collected randomly in Ahvaz city and were examined by ELISA assay. Seroprevalence of Q fever was 13.18% (95% CI: 8.71-17.65%). Logistic regression showed that the odds of disease was declined with increase of age (OR: 0.73 and 95% CI: 0.46-1.16, P>0.05) and 1.6% of fluctuation of disease was justified by age. Relative frequency of prevalence was higher in Lori than Arabic breed (P>0.05). Greater odds of disease in Lori than Arabic breed was seen (OR: 1.44 and 95% CI: 0.66-3.16, P>0.05) and 0.7% of fluctuation of disease was justified by breed. 51.4% of fluctuation of disease was justified by history of abortion and greater odds of disease in sheep with history of abortion than healthy sheep was seen (OR: 120.56 and 95%CI: 15.88-915.49, P<0.001). Multivariable logistic regression showed that 52% of fluctuation of disease was justified by age, breed and history of abortion. This serosurvey suggests Coxiella burnetii has a significant correlation with abortion. According to local weather conditions and facilitative airborne transmission, prevention and control measures should be considered by health authorities.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
1
no.
2013
11
18
https://www.ivj.ir/article_2854_1b244386d771611b3c2cf3ae023b5cdf.pdf
Frequency analysis of adhesin genes cna, fnbA and fnbB in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from sheep mastitis
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article
2013
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Different virulence factors are involved in Staphylococcus aureus pathogenesis. Surface proteins such as collagen- (cna) and fibronectin-binding proteins (fnB) are important factors in adhesion and invasion of S. aureus. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of cna, fnbA and fnbB genes in collection of S. aureus isolates from clinical and subclinical sheep mastitis. In this study 45 isolates were identified as S. aureus by standard biochemical as well as amplification of species-specific thermonucleasegene (nuc). Then, isolates were analyzed for the presence of cna, fnbA and fbnBadhesion genes using specific primers by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A 279-bp DNA fragment was synthesized from all of the S. aureus isolates following the amplification of species-specific gene (nuc). Interestingly, 43 (95.55%) isolates were found to be cna positive. From the 45 studied isolates, 39 and 35 were harbored the fnbA and fbnB genes, respectively. According to the large diffusion of cna, fnbAand fbnB genes among the studied isolates, it can be conclude that CBP, FnBPA and FnBPB encoded by the mentioned genes were presumably effective in pathogenesis of mastitis caused by S. aureus and isolates likely express receptors for matrix proteins such as collagen and fibronectin. This encourages the development of new strategies to prevent mastitis, based on antagonist ligands able to interact with surface adhesions and block it specific binding with matrix proteins.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
1
no.
2013
19
29
https://www.ivj.ir/article_2855_4f3e8bdc0bf3e8131093b4150dd7adff.pdf
Campylobacter spp. contamination of chicken meat and by-products in Shahrekord, Iran
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article
2013
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Campylobacter spp. is one of the most frequent pathogens of acute bacterial gastroenteritis which is transmitted mostly via food originating from animals. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. from raw chicken meats and by-products in Shahrekord, Iran. From May 2010 to August 2011, a total of 480 samples from chicken meat (n=120), liver (n=120), gizzard (n=120), and heart (n = 120) were purchased from randomly selected two industrial poultry slaughter house in Shahrekord, Iran and were evaluated for the presence of Campylobacter. Using cultural methods, 331 of 480 meat samples (69.0%) were contaminated with Campylobacter. The highest prevalence of Campylobacter spp. was found in chicken liver (78.3%), followed by gizzard (75.8%), heart (65.0%), and chicken meat (56.7%). The most prevalence Campylobacter species isolated from meat samples was Campylobacter jejuni (90.9%); the remaining isolates were C. coli (9.1%). All 331Campylobacter isolates identified as C. jejuni and C. coli by using conventional bacteriological methods were also positive using PCR assay. Significantly higher prevalence rates of Campylobacter spp. (P < 0.05) were found in samples taken in summer (86.7%). This study shows the importance of chicken by-products as potential sources of Campylobacter spp. infection.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
1
no.
2013
30
36
https://www.ivj.ir/article_2856_f0bba62109859b5001b69f2a26430230.pdf
The effect of melatonin on estrus induction and reproductive performance of Taleshi ewes in non-breeding season
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article
2013
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin on estrus induction and reproductive performance of Taleshi ewes in non-breeding season (February to April). Sixty non-pregnant and non-lactating ewes (2-4 years old and 37±5 kg BW) were randomly allocated into four groups (n=15/group). Control group did not receive any treatment. In the second group, ewes received CIDR and PMSG and the third group were treated by melatonin, CIDR and PMSG. The fourth group, ewes received only melatonin implant at the base of ear. In the third and fourth groups, ewes received melatonin, 11 days after separation of rams from the flock (0 day) and in groups two and three, CIDR were inserted on day 45. On day 59, at the time of CIDR withdrawal, PMSG (500 IU) were injected (i.m). On day 60 rams were introduced to the flock. In groups two and three, interval between ram introduction and estrus were reduced (P<0.05). In group four, interval between ram introduction and estrus took 43 days however, this effect was not statistically different with control group. Estrus percentage in second and third groups were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05). Lambing efficiency, prolificacy and lambing rate in treatment groups were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05). It is concluded that implantation of melatonin with CIDR and PMSG treatment can induce estrus and increase reproductive performance of Taleshi ewes in non-breeding season.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
1
no.
2013
37
44
https://www.ivj.ir/article_2857_28dc7f6ea480f06b42d1eafcff8f615a.pdf
Etiology survey of some cases of bovine clinical dystocia
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article
2013
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In order to study the etiology of bovine dystocia, the records of 255 cases of dystocia referred to the university veterinary hospital in Ahwaz, Urmia and Shiraz over a 20 year period were analyzed. Of these mixed local breeds of cows 80(31.4%) were first calvers, 48 (18.8%) second calvers, 45 (17.6%) third calvers, 43 (16.9%) fourth calvers and 39(15.3%) fifth or more calvers respectively. One hundred and ten cases (43.1%) had dystocia with maternal origin, 127(49.8%) cases had dystocia of fetal origin and 18 (7.1%) of the cases had both feto-maternal origin dystocia. Of the maternal dystocia cervical dilation failure and uterine torsion were most abundant and with the exception of uterine inertia, all had a highly significant negative correlation with the maternal parity. Cervical dilation failure had a positive correlation with narrow pelvis and uterine torsion to the right. Of the fetal origin dystocia flexed posture and ventral position, followed by posterior presentation, were most frequent. Monsters were similarly found in all the groups. All these types of fetal dystocia were significantly correlated with maternal parity, and with the exception of vertical presentation and lateral position, all the types were significantly inter-related.
These observations draw attention to the incidence of possible causes of dystocia and help to the management of these cases.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
1
no.
2013
45
53
https://www.ivj.ir/article_2858_c564eaad199999273c543158a7afa18c.pdf
Effect of different levels of dietary calcium on ion profile of whole body and water of rainbow trout culture system
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article
2013
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In this accidentally randomized design, the effect of various percentage of inorganic dietary calcium on ion profile of whole body content and water elements of rainbow trout culture system, were studied. A diet with %0.95 Ca was prepared and with adding CaCO3, other diets with percents of (1.21%, 1.41% and 1.61%) Ca was made. In the first, 25 rainbow trout fish with 12.18± 0.04 initial meaning weight, was entered in each experimental units and fed with treatment diets ad libitum for 8 weeks and 2 times days in 9 am and 5 pm. Results showed that, changing the amount of Ca in diets, significantly affected on Ca, P, K, Mg, Zn, Cu and Fe in whole body content (p<0.05) but no significant difference observed in Mn of whole body content. Ca, Mg, K, Na and Cl in water changed, were different changed. The amount of Ca, Na and Cl in water, were significantly decreased (p<0.05) and K was significantly increased (p<0.05) compared with the first of experiment.
The results of this study indicated that, changing in amount of Ca in diets of rainbow trout, affected the ion profile of body and water elements of cultural systems and can influenced with positive or negative effects on absorption of these elements.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
1
no.
2013
54
63
https://www.ivj.ir/article_2859_ad15ba9db6d1572186095653d246a9b9.pdf
Biomonitoring of heavy metals of fish tissues in Khamir and Laft ports of Hormozgan Province
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article
2013
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Chemicals derived from agricultural and industrial operations such as metals ultimately find their way into a water bodies and can produce a range toxic effects in aquatic organisms. The aim of this study was to measure toxic heavy metal concentrations in fish samples from mangrove conservation. In order to determination of heavy metals concentration (Cd, Ni, Pb, Cr) in muscle, liver and gills tissues, two saltwater fishes; silver sillage (Sillago sihama) and bartail flathead (Platycephalus indicus) collected from mangrove conservation area located in the Hormozgan province. All samples were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Study showed that the liver has the highest concentration of cadmium, chromium, lead and nickel with an average 0.9, 1.26, 0.99 and 3.12 micrograms per gram in the silver sillage and 0.91, 1.49, 1.43 and 3.03 micrograms per gram in the bartail flathead respectively.
Decline rate of accumulation of metals in fish tissue was to the liver> gills> muscle respectively. According to bioaccumulation factor, the highest factor was in the liver and muscle had the lowest of it. The data revealed that there is a significant negative correlation between concentrations of lead, cadmium, chromium and nickel in each tissue with total length, weight and age factors. Also, the results showed that the mean concentrations for chromium and nickel were higher compare to WHO and FEPA international standards and lead concentrations were higher than FAO and WHO international standards. In this study cadmium values obtained were up to the international standards such as EU and UK in muscles of both of species.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
1
no.
2013
64
75
https://www.ivj.ir/article_2860_89e562b88258bac8b6f099227d508bae.pdf
Evaluation of conception rate improvment in Lori-Bakhtiari ewes using eCG and oxytocin hormones
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article
2013
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The aim of this study was to determine the effect of eCG and oxytocin (OT) on heat and pregnancy rate of Lori-bakhtiari ewes during breeding season. Eighty four ewes, 3 to 4 years old, 65±2.5 kg weight, were received CIDR for 12 days, and at the time of CIDR removal assigned into 3 groups in which received 0, 400 and 500 IU eCG, respectively. Before artificial insemination, the groups divided into 2 subgroups and one of each 2 subgroups received OT (100 IU) intramuscularly. Fifty four hours after CIDR removal the ewes were inseminated and conception rate were recognized via ultrasonography 50 days after artificial insemination. The result of this study showed that eCG injection improves heat rate in comparison to control (78.56 % vs 42.85 %, P<0.05). But OT had no effect on heat rate (50% vs42.85 %, P>0.05). Cervical penetration was higher (88.09% vs 11.90 %, P<0.05) in ewes received OT. Administration of eCG increased conception rate (57.14 % vs 14.28 %, P<0.05). The ewes received OT injection had higher conception rate then control group (42.85% vs 14.28%, P<0.05). The dose of eCG had no effect on pregnancy rate increasement (57.14 % vs 57.14 % without OT and 71.42 % vs 78.57 % with OT, P>0.05). The ewes received eCG and OT had a tendency to higher conception rate (74.99% vs 57.14 %, P<0.1). In conclusion, eCG and OT injection improved conception rate in CIDR synchronized Lori-Bakhtiari ewes during breeding season.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
1
no.
2013
76
84
https://www.ivj.ir/article_2861_009f88900a310cabda77aa0b906d1906.pdf
The influence of feeding frequency and water temperature on the growth, feed utilization and body biochemical composition of juvenile benni fish
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article
2013
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Experiment was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of varying water temperature and feeding frequency on the growth, survival, feed utilization and body composition in juvenile benni (Barbus sharpeyi). Juvenile benni with an initial body weight (BW) of 14.31±0.59 g were fed a diet contain 46.27% protein, 20.43 KJ/g energy at feeding frequency (once and twice per day) and reared at two water temperatures (24 and 28 °C) for 56 days. Twelve rectangular glass aquaria equipped with separate electric heaters used in the experiment. Highest and lowest mean body weight gain observed in two meals per day (8.05 g) and once per day at 28 °C (5.82 g), respectively. Some growth factors such as mean weight gain and daily weight gain were affected significantly (P<0.05) with increaseing feeding frequency (once to twice per day) at 28 °C, but feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate and for survival rate no significantly differences (P<0.05) were recorded between the treatments. Protein efficiency ratio (PER) at 28 °C with two times feeding per day was highest. However, PER was shown significant difference (P<0.05) with increase feeding frequency per a day at 28 °C. The best (lowest) mean food conversion ratio was obtained from two meal per day at 28C° and observed significant difference (P<0.05) with rising feeding per day at both temperature. Hepatosomatic index (HSI) affected by water temperature significally (P<0.05). The content of lipid tended to decrease with increasing feeding frequency at both temperature, and showed a significant difference (P<0.05) between once and twice meal per day at 24 °C. While no significant difference between content of protein, ash and moisture with increasing water temperature and feeding frequency. Therefore, the study suggests that feeding frequency of two times daily at 28°C is suitable for optimum growth, sufficient feed utilization and raising production of juvenile benni Barbus sharpeyi.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
1
no.
2013
85
94
https://www.ivj.ir/article_2862_6f5084b1658c3781b0a5617705fb9c6f.pdf
Investigation on relative frequency of some protozoan ectoparasites infestation in Hemiculter leucisculus and Abramis brama orientalisis fishes of Anzali lagoon
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article
2013
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Anzali lagoon is the most significant support for the Caspian Sea fishes that come for laying eggs and breeding. Monitoring certain parameters indices such as metabolic, pathologic or parasitic indicators could be used as a useful, economical and reliable indicator to determine the effects of pollutants on the ecosystem. Therefore, mostly ectoparasitesare necessary characteristics for a parasite species to be used as a pollution indicator. Hemiculter leucisculus is a native fish and Abramis brama orientalis is a migrant of the Anzali lagoon. In order to identify the contamination rates and investigate the average of pollution 150 Abramis bramaorientalisi and 200 Hemiculter leucisculus from five stations transported to the central lab. From all areas including; fin, skin surface and gill samples was taken for investigation. Found parasitic protozoan are: Trichodina that in Abramis bramaorientalis fish its rate was 33.27%, and in Hemi was 21 %, this parasite was on the skin and gill of the fish, in fact the highest rate of infection was associated to this parasite. Ichthyophthrius; its infection rate among Abramis bramaorientalis fishes was 19.33% and 19.5% among Hemiculter leucisculus fishes. This parasite is positioned on the skins surface and gill, after the survey there was no sign of infection in blood sample. Chilodonella was 18% among Abramis bramaorientalis, fish and 14.5% among Hemiculter leucisculus fish. Ichtyobodo was 15.33% among Abramis bramaorientalis and 17% among Hemiculter leucisculus fish. Ectoparasites are more obedient to water environment conditions compared by internal ones. In five sampling places, the northern region of the central district in Anzali lagoon, the highest contamination load is concerned with Pirbazar River that the infection caused by protozoan ectoparasite is more intense.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
1
no.
2013
95
102
https://www.ivj.ir/article_2863_3ea438058c80d944d48f1f78acd28c67.pdf
Equine theileriosis in two Arab mares in Ahvaz
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article
2013
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Theileria equi is a protozoan of the phylum Apicomplexa, transmitted by ixodid ticks and it is endemic in most tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The clinical signs in infected equines include fever, anemia, icterus, and in some cases death can occur. In June of 2011, 2 Arabian mares 2 and 8 years old were presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Shahid Chamran, Ahvaz, Iran with history of anorexia, depression, reluctance and difficulty to movement. Physical examination revealed petechiae in the ocular and vaginal membrane; sever jaundice, mild dehydration and many ticks in skin of the inguinal, perineal and armpit regions. The rectal temperature were 40.5˚C and 39.5˚C, heart rates of 88 and 64 beat /minute and respiratory rates of 60 and 72 per minute respectively. Respiratory sounds were increased in the both animals. No abnormality was detected in any limbs. Blood samples were collected by jugular venipuncture into a tube with EDTA as anticoagulant for haematological examination and blood smears were taken from upper lip for parasitology assay. Examination of the stained blood smears from the two horses revealed few parasitized red blood cells with T.equi. Both horses had sever anemia. Affected mares were treated with imizol (imidocarb),4mg/kgBW every 72 hours up to 3 times, phosphorus and Vit. B12. After one month, the mares were recovered completely.
With consideration to prevalence of Theileria equi in middle east countries and economic importance of this disease in horse farms and also the presence of infection in the Khuzestan province, a comprehensive epidemiological study is necessary for evaluation of Theileria equi prevalence and detection of carrier animals, thus the appropriate strategies for prevention and treatment of this disease can be down.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
1
no.
2013
103
108
https://www.ivj.ir/article_2864_27c8ff971b5b1284a3d21623700eb320.pdf